Moles and their interpretation

Moles are growths on the skin that are usually brown or black. Moles can appear anywhere on the skin, alone or in groups.

Most moles appear in early childhood and during the first 25 years of a person's life. It is normal to have between 10-40 moles by adulthood.

As the years pass, moles usually change slowly, becoming raised and/or changing color. Sometimes, hairs develop in the mole. Some moles may not change at all, while others may slowly disappear over time.
What Causes a Mole?

Moles occur when cells in the skin grow in a cluster instead of being spread throughout the skin. These cells are called melanocytes, and they make the pigment that gives skin its natural color. Moles may darken after exposure to the sun, during the teen years, and during pregnancy.

MOLES ARE CLUES FOR YOUR DESTINY

Moles should be interpreted according to their color, shape and size, and the place where they are located on the body. Moles in red color or honey color or green color will generally bring good fortune. Moles in black color give bad results. Small moles which are not so visible, will not give any results. Only big moles will produce results. Long moles give good results. Moles which are in square shape will give bad results in the starting, but they produce good results by the end. Moles in the form of a triangle will produce mixed results, sometimes good and sometimes bad. Moles in zigzag shapes will produce bad results. Now, let us discuss the effects of moles according to their placement on human body.

Part Of Body	Its Effect Or Significance
Head	The moles on the top (crown) of the head are visible only if the head is shaven. If a mole is found on the right side of the head, the person will excel in politics. If the mole is in red or green color, then he will become minister. He can also be a president leading a society or business organization. He will have social status and success in every walk of life. If the mole is at the left side of the head, then the native will not have enough money. Generally, he will not marry and spends his life in roaming. He will lead a spiritual life and gives spiritual discourses. There would be an interest in literature also. Moles at the back side of the head represent weakness of ladies. Such a person will be attached to his wife. He earns more money but he will not have a good name in the society.
Temples	If the mole is on the right side temple, it denotes early marriage and beautiful wife. There is a possibility of sudden and unexpected arrival of money. If the mole is at the left temple, it also denotes sudden marriage and sudden wealth. There will be losses in the business. People do not like them for any reason.
Eye brows	If there is a mole in the middle of the eyebrows, it denotes leadership qualities, wealth, name and fame. Such a native likes luxuries and women. If the mole is found on the right eyebrow, there will be early marriage with a good lady. The native becomes lucky after marriage. It is better if he invests in his wife's name. If the mole is on the left eyebrow, the person will be unlucky. He cannot utilize the money properly and faces troubles in the job or business.
Eye lids	A mole on the right eyelid brings wealth. The native becomes rich slowly. He will have inner pride and feels that he is great. Expenditure will be more. He will spend money for God either by constructing temples or for performing pujas. A mole on the left eyelid represents a general life. The person earns meager amount of money. He is prone to jealousy from others. A mole in the inner part of top eyelids represents a lucky and wealthy person. On the other hand, mole in the inner part of lower eyelids represents domestic troubles and lack of luck.
Eyes	A mole in the right eye gives easy - money. Even if the person doesn't work, he will become rich suddenly out of sheer luck. A mole in the left eye represents an arrogant person who would be after ladies. He will have a secret and illegal connection with ladies. Moles at the eye socket (corner towards the ear) represent a generous and peaceful person. But there is possibility of sudden death. Moles at the eye socket (corner towards the nose bridge) represent death of one of the children and grief for the native.
Ears	A mole anywhere on the ear represents good earnings and luxurious life. Expenditure will be uncontrollable. There may be danger of drowning. A mole at the backside of the ear represents a person who follows customs. He will get his wife from a higher family.
Nose	A mole on the tip of the nose represents quick thinking and quick temper. Such a person will have high self-respect and generally win on others. A mole at right side of the nose represents more money with fewer efforts. A mole at the left side of the nose gives bad results. The native involves into prostitution. A mole on the bridge between nostrils represents obstacles in getting the job and loss of money. A mole below the nose represents good sexual drive. The native possesses a large family and many children.
Chin	A mole which is located exactly in the middle of the chin represents a lofty person who receives laurels from others. Moles on the right side of the chin represent logical thinking and diplomatic nature. They can convince others with their speech. Their earnings will be very good and they get name and fame easily. Moles on the left side of the chin represent a person who talks straight forward and hence people do not like him. He becomes quarrelsome. Expenditure will be uncontrollable.
Lips	A mole on the upper lip represents a person who does good to everyone. There will be weakness of ladies and luxurious items. A mole on the lower lip represents a person who loves good food. He will have interest in acting and theatre arts. A mole on the inner side of the upper lip represents a person skilled in mantras and mystic forces. A mole on the inner side of the lower lip represents a person who becomes a drunkard and losses money on speculation.
Cheek	Moles on the right cheek represent a sensitive person who gives a lot of respect to his parents. He loves his wife and relatives. He enjoys wealth and health and lives long. Moles on the left cheek represent a person who is introvert and an arrogant person. He would face troubles in the life. But he will be happy in the old age because of his children.
Tongue	A mole on the middle of the tongue indicates obstacles in the education. The native may not be able to talk fluently and there will be health problems. A mole on the tip (outer edge) of the tongue represents a person who can convince others with his speech. He is intelligent and diplomatic. He loves good food and his children will have good future.
Neck	A mole on the back side of the neck represents angry and aggressive person. Generally such a person involves into anti-social activities. A mole on the front side of the neck represents an artistic person with sweet voice. His life will settle well after his marriage.
Shoulders	Moles on right shoulder represent brave and courageous person who will not sleep until finishing any project. Moles on the left shoulder represent a person who involves into quarrels with others.
Chest	A mole on the right side of the chest indicates more female progeny. Financial problems trouble him. But he receives due respect from others. A mole on the left side of the chest represents a person who is clever and who does not maintain good relation with his relations and friends. Financial problems are common for him. A mole exactly in the middle of the chest represents heavy financial problems. Such person involves into heavy debts. But he will have devotion to God.
Armpit	A mole in the right armpit represents desire for wealth. A mole in the left armpit represents desire for ladies.
Ribs	A mole on the right ribs represents a person with a lot of inner fear. He lies easily. A mole on the left ribs represents a person whose earning will be average.
Stomach	A mole on the right side of the stomach indicates good earnings and weakness of ladies. A mole on the left side of the stomach represents a jealous person who likes to earn easy money. He will possess some agriculture lands. A mole nearer to navel cavity represents luxurious life. Such a person is loud-mouthed.
Hands	A mole on the right hand indicates a person who completes any task by tenacity and intelligent. A mole on the left hand indicates a person who wants to become rich but stays at average level. A mole on the left or right elbow represents wealth and success. The native likes fine arts. He helps others and gets help from others. A mole on the wrist represents childhood in poverty. He becomes a writer or painter. He will be devotional. His income increases when he becomes aged.
Palms	Moles on any part of the inner palm are not good. They represent various obstacles.
Fingers	Moles on any part of the fingers are not good. They represent various obstacles.
Back	A mole any where nearer to the backbone represents name and fame. Such a person becomes a leader or minister. A mole on the right side of the back represents good health and courage. A mole on the left side of the back represents completing the tasks by diplomacy.
Buttocks	Moles on the right buttock represent wisdom and creativity. The person will become an artist. Moles on the left buttock represent poverty. The person leads a deprived life.
Genitals	Moles anywhere on the genitals represent excessive desire for sex. Such persons generally will have a paramour.
Thighs	Moles on the right thigh represent valor. The person will have an opportunity to go abroad. He will be profited from a lady, either from his wife or from other woman. Moles on the left thigh make the person skilled in some art. He becomes lazy and will have fewer friends.
Legs	A mole on the right calf represents success in all ventures. There will be benefits from ladies. The native may involve into politics. A mole on the left calf represents journeys due to job or business. There will be many friends. A mole on the right ankle represents foresightedness. The native will be endowed with gift of gab. The person will have a lot of belief in God. A mole on the left ankle represents devotion towards God. He talks less. At some point of life, the person faces legal problems.
Feet	A mole on the right foot represents a good spouse and family life. He will have devotion to God. A mole on the left foot represents creates problems with spouse. The person faces financial problems and wrath of others. Moles on the bottom of the feet represent journeys, enemies and licentious nature. The person will be a lover of fine arts.

How Do I Know if a Mole Is Cancer?

The vast majority of moles are not dangerous. Moles that are more likely to be cancer are those that look different than other existing moles or those that first appear after age 25. If you notice changes in a mole's color, height, size, or shape, you should have a dermatologist (skin doctor) evaluate it. You also should have moles checked if they bleed, ooze, itch, or become tender or painful.

Source: askastrologer.com

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HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT DURING THE HOLIDAY

Don't let your holiday be ruined by becoming the victim of a crime, accident or bad health. Unfortunately, not everyone out there has a peace-on-earth-goodwill-toward-men attitude at this time of year. The holiday season is filled with happiness and celebration, but it can also be a time of danger. Unfortunately, there are criminals who use the holidays to target victims who may be distracted by the busy season. This holiday, take a personal responsibility to be resilient and embrace a safety culture.

1. Ensure your vehicle is properly maintained. If maintenance is not up to date, have your car and tires inspected before you take a long drive.

2. Map your route in advance and be prepared for busy roads during the most popular times of the season. If possible, consider leaving earlier or later to avoid heavy traffic.

3. Crimes such as robberies, burglaries, and thefts typically increase slightly during the holiday season. Whether you are traveling or remaining on at home throughout the period, please take extra care to safeguard your property and lock your room, business or office when you leave it. Also, if you live off your house, remember to lock windows.

4. When walking during the evening hours, be aware of your surroundings and only walk in well-lit and populated areas. Don’t display your ipads and tablets, cash on the street, and be aware of your environment. Try not to walk alone at night.

5. Don’t overburden your holiday by carrying bags that are too heavy and cumbersome. Pack lightly. You can’t be aware of your surroundings when your bags are blocking your view and slowing you down.

6. Do not store combustible materials such as gasoline, propane, paper, chemicals, paint, rags, and cleaning products near your gas furnace. Gasoline or propane cylinders should be stored outside the home.

7. Be careful when withdrawing cash at the ATM. The most important key to using your ATM card safety is to be observant and look around for any suspicious persons or activity near the ATM machine, especially during the holiday season. Do not expose your pin number.

8. Do not leave packages or valuables on the seat of your car. This creates a temptation for thieves. If you must leave something in the car, lock it in the trunk or put it out of sight.

9. When approaching and leaving your vehicle be aware of your surroundings.Do not approach your car alone if there are suspicious people in the area.

10. Keep all car doors locked and windows closed while in or out of your car. Set your alarm or use an anti-theft device.

11. Even though you are rushed and thinking about a thousand things, stay alert to your surroundings.

12. Beware of strangers approaching you for any reason. At this time of year, con-artists may try various methods of distracting you with the intention of taking your money or belongings.

13. Keep an eye on your kids as they play, they will be trying adventurous activities which may pose alot of risks.

14. Do not over eat as this may cause abdominal related ilnesses.

15. Just cook enough food for the day, some left overs or food stored for a long time may cause food poisoning.

16. Keep children away from fireplaces.

17. If you are travelling for a long distance, be communicating to your host. let them know when you leave your house,which route you will use, which means of travelling you will use and your expected arrival time.

18. Always carry with you emergency numbers, torch and heavy bed sheet if you are travelling in the late hours.

19. If you get into your house and find out that there is a smell of gas leak, do not switch on the lights. Open the door and remove the cylinder out and tighten its valve.

20. When driving, do not overspeed, overload or drink-drive. Keep watch of the vehicle ahead, overtaking or behind you and always know that you are the only sane driver on the road and have to observe the traffic rules.

21. Keeping hands clean is one of the most important steps you can take to avoid getting sick and spreading germs to others. Wash your hands with soap and clean running water for at least 20 seconds. If soap and clean water are not available, use an alcohol-based product.

22. The holidays don’t need to take a toll on your health. Keep a check on over-commitment and over-spending. Balance work, home, and play. Get support from family and friends. Keep a relaxed and positive outlook. Get enough sleep.

23. Whether you’re traveling across town or around the world, help ensure your trip is safe. Don’t drink and drive, and don’t let someone else drink and drive. Wear a seat belt every time you drive or ride in a motor vehicle. Always buckle your child in the car using a child safety seat, booster seat, or seat belt according to his/her height, weight, and age. Get vaccinations if traveling out of the country.

24. Exams and screenings can help find problems early or before they start. Vaccinations help prevent diseases and save lives. Schedule a visit with your health care provider for a yearly exam. Ask what vaccinations and tests you should get based on your age, lifestyle, travel plans, medical history, and family health history.

25. Children are at high risk for injuries. Keep a watchful eye on your kids. Keep potentially dangerous toys, food, drinks, household items, choking hazards (like coins and hard candy), and other objects out of kids’ reach. Learn how to provide early treatment for children who are choking. Develop and reinforce rules about acceptable and safe behaviors for all electronic media.

26. Injuries from falls and fireworks often occur around the holidays. Use step stools instead of furniture when hanging decorations. Leave the fireworks to the professionals. Keep candles away from children, pets, walkways, trees, and curtains. Never leave fireplaces, stoves, or candles unattended. Don’t use generators, grills, or other gasoline- or charcoal-burning devices inside your home or garage. Install a smoke detector and carbon monoxide detector in your home. Test and change the batteries regularly.


27. As you prepare holiday meals, keep you and your family safe from food-related illness.

Wash hands and surfaces often. Avoid cross-contamination by keeping raw meat, poultry,

seafood, and eggs (including their juices) away from ready-to-eat foods and eating surfaces. Cook foods to the proper temperature. Refrigerate promptly. Do not leave perishable foods out for more than two hours.

28. With balance and moderation, you can enjoy the holidays the healthy way. Choose more vegetables and fruit. Select just one or two of your favorites from the host of tempting foods. Find fun ways to stay active, such as dancing to your favorite holiday music. Be active for at least 2½ hours a week. Help kids and teens be active for at least 1 hour a day.

29. You need basic First Aid and fire safety skills to attend to any incident that may arise.

30. Remember safety starts with you, be extra careful, vigilant, alert, aware and proactive.

Holiday Health and Safety Tips - Family Health - CDC

Source: Amb Steve Mbugua, the Founder and Executive Director of Makinika Afrika wishes you a safe and fulfilling holiday. @AmbSteveMbugua

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BREAST PAIN

Source

Breast pain is a common problem in women who are having periods (menstrual cycles). It is less common in older women. The pain can be in one breast or in both. It may come and go each month, or it may last for several weeks, or even months.

Breast pain is one of the most common problems that women seek counseling for from primary-care providers, gynecologists and breast specialists.

Evaluating breast pain begins with a comprehensive health history, which should include type of pain, relationship to menses, duration, location, impact on activities of daily living, factors that aggravate and alleviate pain, and any other medical problems or comorbidity.

What causes breast pain?

Many things can cause pain or tenderness in your breasts. Here are some of them:

✔Hormonal changes during your period
✔Water retention, which may happen during your period
✔Injury to your breast
✔Pregnancy
✔Breastfeeding (nursing)
✔An infection in the breast
✔Breast cancer (not a usual cause of breast pain)

How is breast pain treated?

There are different treatments for breast pain depending on what is causing it. You and your doctor can talk about these treatments and choose one or more that might work for you. Here are some possible treatments for breast pain:

✔Wearing a support bra
✔Taking an over-the-counter pain killers
✔Taking danazol (for severe pain)

Other treatments for breast pain are sometimes used. However, there is no proof that these treatments work:

✔Avoiding caffeine
✔Using less salt
✔Taking vitamin E or vitamin B6
✔Taking a diuretic

Most of the time, breast pain goes away on its own after a few months.

If you have breast pain that lasts for a long time or keeps coming back, it's probably a good idea to talk to your doctor about it.

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Health care of the teeth

Clean healthy teeth are an asset to everyone’s good appearance. Teeth play vital role in the initial stages of digestion of food. They chew the food and break it down for easy swallowing. They aid in speech and add to the facial appearance and expression.

A look at the structure of a tooth will help us to understand the best way we can take care of our teeth.

Also read: Why Dental Health Care is Must for Everyone.

Structure of the teeth.

The Teeth (Human Anatomy): Diagram, Names, Number, and Conditions

Care of the teeth

Although teeth are very strong, they need to be taken care of. There are many bacteria that live inside the human mouth. Some of these bacteria cause tooth decay. They also combine with saliva and food residues and form a sticky substance called plaque.

A build-up of plaque on the surface of the teeth can cause gum disease. Plaque is easily removed by brushing. If it is not removed, it hardens and forms a substance called tartar. This can only be removed by a doctor.

Bacteria in the mouth feed on food residues, mainly sugar, and produce an acid. This acid attacks the enamel, then the dentine. If it infects the pulp cavity, it causes pain which is commonly known as toothache. If the infection spreads deep into the tooth, it becomes rotten and has to be extracted.

For your teeth to remain strong and healthy, take care of them as follows:

• Brush your teeth at least twice a day - in the morning after breakfast, and in the evening before going to bed. Use a suitable toothbrush and toothpaste to clean the teeth to freshen your breath. If you do not have a toothbrush, chew one end of a suitable twig to improvise one. Use the loose fibre as a toothbrush. Sharpen its other end and use it to clean between teeth.  If you do not have toothpaste, use a mixture of bicarbonate of soda and salt in equal amounts to make a tooth powder. This works just like toothpaste. Spread some of this powder on a wet toothbrush. In the absence of bicarbonate of soda, plain salt works equally well.
• Floss your teeth once in a while. To floss is to clean between individual teeth using dental floss. Dental floss is a thread that is used to remove food and plaque between the teeth.
• Rinse the mouth well after brushing.
• Pay regular visits to the dentist, at least twice in a year, for dental check-ups.
• To exercise your jaw and strengthen your teeth, eat hard food occasionally. You can, for example, chew raw carrots or sugarcane.
• Eat a diet that contains enough supply of calcium, phosphorus and fluorine, and vitamins A, D and C. All these are essential for healthy teeth.

Related articles: General dental care guide and Dental care while pregnant

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Basic instructions on using medicines

Medicine is any substance that is taken to relieve pain or cure an illness. Manufacturer of drugs normally write instructions on the use of the medicines on the packaging or on a separate sheet of paper.

A sample of herbal medicine

Doctors also give similar instructions to their patients on the use of the medicines they prescribe. 

These instructions may cover the following:

Dosage

This is the recommended amount of medicine to be taken at any one time. The dosage depends on the age of the patient.

Frequency

This refers to the intervals at which the medicine is to be taken. Frequency informs the patient how often the medicine should be taken; that is, whether once, twice, or thrice a day. It may or may not specify the time in relation to meals.

Duration

This advices on how long the medicine should be taken before it is discontinued.

Storage

This gives instructions on how the medicine is to be stored, for example, to keep in a cool dry place, in a refrigerator, away from children or away from direct sunlight.

Instructions for use

In some cases, the medicine has to be shaken well before use, and the container has to be tightly cooked before storage.

Caution

Some medicines cause drowsiness. The patient is, therefore, advised not to drive, drink alcohol or operate a machine after the medicine.

What information should I always share with my healthcare provider?

➽Tell your healthcare provider (your doctor, nurse, pharmacist and dentist):

• If you are allergic to any medications or have had an unusual reaction to any medication, food, or other substance
• If you are currently taking any other medications (including over-the-counter medications) or dietary supplements, such as herbal preparations, vitamins, and minerals. Eye drops should be included in your list. Some skin lotions also contain medicines.
• If you are pregnant, think you might be pregnant, or plan to become pregnant
• If you are breastfeeding
• If you are following a special diet, such as a low-sodium or low-sugar diet
• If you have any other medical problems other than the one(s) for which your medication is being prescribed
• If you have problems taking medication

Note: The following information is general guidelines. Be sure to ask your healthcare provider for guidelines specific to the medications you take.

What do I need to know to take my medications properly?

Always:

• Take your medications exactly as prescribed by your doctor, including at the right times and for the full length of your prescribed treatment.
• Read the package insert and/or patient product information sheet that comes with your prescription. Review possible drug side effects (i.e, adverse reactions), warnings, and precautions. Although most side effects or adverse reactions occur when a new drug is just started, this is not always the case. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any unusual side effects after taking your medication.
• Know the purpose of each prescription and over-the-counter medication and dietary supplement. Also, know how they work in the body.
• Carry a list with you of the names and dosages of all your current prescription and over-the-counter medications (generic and brand names), vitamins and dietary supplements. Make copies of this list and give to ALL your caregivers - doctors, nurses, pharmacists and dentists).
• Do not stop taking your medication unless you first talk to your doctor. Stopping your medication too early can cause the illness to return, make it more difficult to treat or cause unwanted side effects.
• Talk to your doctor before starting any new prescription or over-the-counter medication.
• Ask your doctor if you need to wear medical identification for your type of medication. When taking some medications, such as warfarin (Coumadin®) or insulin, you must wear medical identification in case you need emergency medical treatment.

When should I take my medication?

• Try to take your medications at the same time every day. Follow your doctor's orders to achieve the full benefit and lessen the possible side effects of your medications.
• Don't panic if you miss a dose of your medication. Take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular medication schedule. Do not take two doses to make up for the dose you missed.
• To help you stay on track, use pill organizers that separate your medication into the days of the week and times of day (For example one pill organizer for morning doses; one for evening doses). Fill the pill box at the beginning of each week. Always keep any remaining medications in their original containers.

Basic Medication Instructions

While you should always follow your doctor’s instructions, note these basic guidelines when taking medication:

• Add or change one medicine at a time.
• Start with lower doses and increase slowly.
• Start taking a new medication when you don't have to do anything potentially dangerous such as driving a car.
• Assume any new symptom is from a recently started medication, stop the medication and call your prescribing doctor.
• Know the more common side effects of the medications (for example, sedation, fatigue, constipation, nausea, rash, swelling, anxiety, insomnia).
• Keep a medication list with you. Know the names and what they are for.
• Create a pain regimen with choices from the following categories: acetaminophen, NSAID, LA opioid, breakthrough opioid, antidepressant, anti-neuropathic, muscle relaxant, anti-fatigue and anti-constipation.
• Buy a pillbox and fill it at the beginning of the day with just your daily pill needs.
• Keep all of your medications in a safe place with any future prescriptions.

Please contact your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about your medication. 

References

• Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Your Medicine: Be Smart. Be Safe. (with wallet card)Accessed 3/12/2014.
• National Institute on Aging. NIHSeniorHealth.org. Taking Medicines Accessed 3/12/2014.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Medication Safety Program Accessed 3/12/2014.
• Institute for Safe Medication Practices. ConsumerMedSafety.org Accessed 3/12/2014.

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Easy White Homemade Bread

Bring the aroma of homemade bread to your kitchen by baking fresh loaves of these favorite bread recipe. Once you've mastered this basic loaf, the bread-making world's your oyster.

Nutrition: per serving

• kcal111
• fat1g
• saturates0g
• carbs24g
• sugars1g
• fibre0g
• protein4g
• salt0.31g

Homemade Bread Recipe

Classic white loaf

"Very easy turns out perfectly every time. I enjoy the aroma of freshly baked homemade bread in my kitchen."

Ingredients

500 g strong white flour, plus extra for dusting
7 g sachet fast-action dried yeast
1 tsp salt
up to 350 ml lukewarm water
a little sunflower oil

Method

PREP: 20 MINSCOOK: 45 MINS

Make the dough by tipping the flour, yeast and salt into a large bowl and making a well in the middle. Pour in most of the water and use your fingers or a wooden spoon to mix the flour and water together until combined to a slightly wet, pillowy, workable dough - add a splash more water if necessary. Tip the dough onto a lightly floured surface and knead for at least 10 mins until smooth and elastic. This can also be done in a tabletop mixer with a dough hook. Place the dough in a clean oiled bowl, cover with cling film and leave to rise until doubled in size.

Heat oven to 220C/fan 200C/gas 7. Knock back the dough by tipping it back onto a floured surface and pushing the air out. Mould the dough into a rugby ball shape that will fit a 900g loaf tin and place in the tin. Cover with a clean tea towel and leave to prove for 30 mins. Dust the top of the loaf with a little more flour and slash the top with a sharp knife if you want. Bake the bread for 15 mins, then reduce the heat to 190C/fan 170C/gas 5 and continue to bake for 30 mins until the loaf sounds hollow when removed from the tin and tapped on the base. Leave the bread on a wire rack to cool completely. The loaf will stay fresh in an airtight container for 3 days or can be frozen for 1 month, for greasing

Tip: All machines differ - follow manufacturer's instructions for a basic white loaf.

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Marvelous Health Benefits of Bay leaf (Tej Patta)

Source: saminaspiceandfood.in

Bay leaf is an aromatic leaf from the evergreen bay laurel tree, native to the Mediterranean. It is most widely used in cooking and preparing perfumes. The Indian bay leaf is basically a three veined leaf which is elliptical, pointed, smooth and tough.

These leaves are pungent and have a sharp, bitter flavor. Their taste and fragrance are somewhat similar to the cinnamon bark but slightly milder. They are used in fresh, dried or powdered form. The oil extracted from bay leaves, called bay leaf oil has medicinal properties and is used to treat several ailments.

Due to their bitter taste, bay leaves cannot be eaten directly but are often used to impart flavor to a variety of dishes, both vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Bay leaf is extensively used in Indian, Nepalese and Bhutanese cuisines. It is an important spice in Moghulai dishes, particularly biryani and korma. Roasted and ground bay leaves are added to the Indian mixture of spices called “Garam Masala”. Myrcene, which is a component of essential oils extracted from bay leaves, is used in perfumery. They also have the property of repelling flies, moths, mice etc. Apart from their culinary uses, they have medicinal properties and are known for their anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and astringent qualities.

Nutritional Value of Bay Leaf:

The various benefits of bay leaf can be attributed to its rich nutritional value. These leaves are exceptionally rich in vitamins as well as copper, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, selenium and manganese. They also contain essential phytochemicals and volatile oils.

Bay Leaf Nutrition Facts, Amount: 100 g

Weight: 100 g

Nutrients	Amount
Basic Components
Proteins	7.6 g
Water	5.4 g
Ash	3.6 g
Calories
Total Calories	313
Calories From Carbohydrates	225
Calories From Fats	70
Calories From Proteins	19
Carbohydrates
Total Carbohydrates	75 g
Dietary Fiber	26 g
Fats & Fatty Acids
Total Fat	8.4 g
Saturated Fat	2.3 g
Monounsaturated Fat	1.6 g
Polyunsaturated Fat	2.3 g
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	1.1 g
Omega-6 Fatty Acids	1.2 g
Vitamins
Vitamin A	6185 IU
Vitamin C	47 mg
Thiamin	9 mcg
Riboflavin	421 mcg
Niacin	2 mg
Vitamin B6	1.7 mg
Folate	180 mcg
Minerals
Calcium	834 mg
Iron	43 mg
Magnesium	120 mg
Phosphorus	113 mg
Potassium	529 mg
Sodium	23 mg
Zinc	3.7 mg
Copper	416 mcg
Manganese	8.2 mg
Selenium	2.8 mcg

Health Benefits of Bay Leaf

Bay leaf greatly helps in digestion. It is used as a natural remedy in a wide range of digestive disorders. Not only does it help in settling the stomach but also reduces the severity of problems, like celiac disease or irritable bowel syndrome. It effectively reduces flatulence and other gas related problems. It contains enzymes which break down proteins and help in digesting meat dishes.

Bay leaf, when applied to the chest in the form of bay leaf compress, provides great relief to respiratory and chest troubles, such as coughs, flu, bronchitis, and chest infections. Further, it also helps in inducing sweat and reducing fever.

Washing the scalp with cold water, with bay leaves steeped in it, after shampooing effectively treats dandruff. Alternatively, you can add ten to fifteen drops of bay leaf essential oil to your shampoo to get rid of dandruff.

Bay leaf contains Parthenolide, a phytonutrient which has anti-inflammatory properties. As such, massaging with bay leaf essential oil helps in relieving joint and muscle pains, including arthritis pain.

Bay leaf contains the phytonutrients, caffeic acid and rutin, as well as salicylates. These phytonutrients protect the heart and lower the risk of strokes and heart attack.

Bay leaf is a good source of Linalool, a compound which is also found in herbs, such as thyme and basil. This compound has long been used as a relaxing fragrance in aromatherapy. Studies reveal that this calming aroma has protective effects on the immune system like shielding the body from negative effects of stress.

Bay leaf helps in regulating blood sugar levels. The compounds present in bay leaves facilitate the quick processing of insulin, thereby preventing spikes in blood sugar levels.

The various phytonutrients, caffeic acid, catechins, eugenol, parthenolide and quercetin, present in bay leaves help in protecting the body from many different kinds of cancer.

Consuming bay leaves at bedtime helps to induce proper sleep. For this purpose, mix a few drops of the bay leaf extract with water and consume it.

In case of nosebleed, crush 2 to 3 fresh or dry bay leaves. Boil them in 200 ml water till 100 ml remains. Strain and drink this concoction for relief.

Clean Teeth. To get sparkling white teeth, brush them with powdered bay leaves once in 3 days.

Bay leaves are a great insect repellent as they contain lauric acid. A dish of bay leaves will ward off insects. A paste made from crushed leaves and little oil relieves stings and bites when applied topically.

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Care of the eyes

Source: lookafteryoureyes.org

In almost everything we do, we need to think about eye care. They are, after all, the only pair we’ve got. Whether you are driving, working at a computer or simply sun-bathing, it is so easy to take them for granted.

 

Good eyesight is essential at all times. Eyes are delicate and need constant care. Take proper care of the eyes as follows:

• When cleaning the face, pay particular attention to the areas around the eyes.
• Eat a diet rich in vitamin A and C, which are good for your eyesight.
• Work in well-lit areas to avoid straining the eyes.
• Consult an optician or an ophthalmologist if you suspect poor eyesight or any other eye problem.

Care from Computers and other screens

Research conducted by the College of Optometrists shows that most of us spend nearly 50 hours a week staring at a computer screen.

More than half of those say they suffer from “tired eyes”, while others admit to suffering headaches, blurred vision and have difficulty focusing.

If you spend a lot of your time looking at computers it is crucial you take regular breaks and have regular eye examinations.

Read more about Dos and Don’ts

Care from Sun and sunshine

There is evidence that too much exposure to the sunshine, in particular the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays can contribute to the development of cataracts and age-related macular degeneration.

Children and the sun

Research has shown that 76 per cent of parents admit to not making sure their child wears sunglasses when out and about in the sun.

Since children spend a lot of time outside, it’s important to protect your child’s eyes in the sun. Make sure your child’s sunglasses have 100% UV protection and carry the British Standard (BS EN ISO 12312-1:2013) or CE mark. You can also protect your child’s eyes by making sure they wear a hat with a brim or a sun visor in bright sunlight.

However, scientific studies have shown that children who spend time outdoors are less likely to be short-sighted, and some eye problems are linked to unhealthy lifestyles. So don’t stop your child exercising outdoors - just make sure their eyes are properly protected.

Buying sunglasses

Research has shown that almost 80 per cent of under-25s put fashion and price before safety standards when choosing sunglasses.

Buy good quality, dark sunglasses - good sunglasses don’t need to be expensive: you can purchase perfectly adequate protective sunglasses from high street stores. Look out for glasses carrying the “CE” Mark and British Standard BS EN ISO 12312-1:2013, which ensures that the sunglasses offer a safe level of UV protection.

Sunbeds

Sun beds have been linked to skin cancer, so they are best avoided. If you do use a sun bed, always make sure you wear eye protection while tanning.

The skin on eye lids is very thin and delicate so it is vital to protect eye lids from ultraviolet (UV) rays. Lack of protection could lead to benign eye growths called pterygium and repeated exposure to UV may cause long-term damage which could affect your sight - see cataract and macular degeneration.

So it is vital that you use effective eye protection in the form of goggles or ‘winkies’ on both sun and tanning beds.

Care from Eclipse

You should never look directly at the sun. This applies when there’s a total or partial eclipse as well. This is because the radiation emitted by the sun is so powerful it may cause a solar burn of the retina.

By following these do’s and don’ts you’ll be able to enjoy this rare event without causing yourself unnecessary harm: Read more

Care from Fireworks

If you are handling, lighting or intend to be within close range of fireworks you should take precautions to protect your eyes. There are scores of eye injuries caused by fireworks every year which could be prevented by following safety advice. Read: Top tips for protection against fireworks

Care During Driving and vision

What considerations do people with sight problems need to make when driving?

It’s important to have your sight tested if you think you may have a problem with your eyesight, in fact, studies suggest that up to one in five middle aged drivers are taking to the road knowing their eyesight is not as good as it should be. It is not just common sense to ensure your eyesight is good enough to enable you to drive comfortably, but you will be breaking the law if it isn’t. Read more

Care from 3-D Displays

3D displays are becoming more popular both for cinema, television and some hand held displays. There is no evidence that the use of these displays can cause you any harm, but if you have difficulty seeing the 3D effect, or get headaches or any other problems with your eyes you should see your optometrist for advice. Read more at lookafteryoureyes.org

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Health-care of the face

FayesVision/WENN

The face😐 is a unique feature to every person. It is the part of the body that gives the first impression. It should be taken care of in the following ways:

• Use a soft towel, clean water and toilet soap to clean your face every morning.
• Rinse it properly to remove soap and dirt.
• Dry the face well with a soft clean towel.
• If necessary, apply make-up skillfully. Too much make-up will give you an artificial look. It also prevents the skin from respiring freely.
• Always clean your face before going to bed.

Women face skin care

There are thousands of anti-aging creams, moisturizers, lotions, serums, exfoliators, and cleansers available, and you can spend hundreds of dollars on luxury brands, or just a few dollars at the drugstore. But many inexpensive drugstore brands work just as well as the luxury brands, dermatologists say, because they contain many of the same ingredients.


The secret? Find your glow with the right products for your skin type. Read more at webmd.com

Men’s Skincare

Some say women are the more sensitive than men, and it’s definitely true when it comes to your face.

Dee Anna Glaser, MD, professor of dermatology at Saint Louis University, says, “Men’s facial skin is typically thicker than women’s and less likely to be sensitive to ingredients in facial cleansers and moisturizers.” Skincare is also usually a simpler routine since men typically don’t wear makeup.

But shaving is another story. For men with heavy beards or curly or kinky hair, irritation and razor bumps can be a big problem. With proper face care, though, those hazards can be made a thing of the past and a clean, smooth face can become a welcome daily occurrence. Read more at webmd.com

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Care of the hands and nails

Source: hollywoodnails.com.au

Hands and nails are in continuous contact with everything handled, including food. If they are not kept clean, they can be a source of ill health. 

Long nails are beautiful, but if you're someone who has struggled with snags or breakage, Dr. Shamban recommends that you keep your nails short — at least to start out with. A shorter style with a rounded edge tends to be easier to manage and looks neater, so you can focus on building strength without worrying about anything else. As long as each nail is uniform in shape and matches its nine neighbors, you won't miss the added length.

When properly taken care of, hands and nails enhance personal appearance. Take proper care of your hands and nails as follows:

• Wash them in warm soapy water, using a soft brush.
• Rinse them thoroughly.
• To prevent dryness and roughness of the hands, rub some oil.
• Wash the nails with a nailbrush to remove any dirt underneath. Cut and file the fingernails to keep them short and well-shaped.
• When using a nail polish remover with acetone make sure to wash your hands immediately after use to remove all the acetone from your hands. If you have very dry skin and nails I recommend using an acetone free remover.
• Using a cuticle remover is something I do only once a month. Don't do this step too often, because the chemicals in most cuticle removers will irritate your skin a bit. These chemicals do a great job in removing the cuticle, but I just don't recommend soaking your cuticles in it every day (which isn't necessary anyway).
• NEVER PUT YOUR HANDS IN HOT OR ICY WATER. "Hot water makes skin dry by taking away sebum; cold can cause a constriction and then a dilation of capillary vessels, leading to redness," explains manicurist Mie Kitabayashi of Beverly Hills' Chi Nail Bar.
• Avoid the habit of biting nails. This makes them rugged and ugly. Biting nails is also unhealthy.

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Health-care of feet

Source: nhs.uk

Feet are more exposed to dirt and dampness than any other part of the body. They, therefore, need special care.

Also read: Effective home remedies for cracked heel

Why is foot care important?

Over time, diabetes can cause you to lose feeling in your feet. When you lose feeling in your feet, you may not feel a pebble inside your sock or a blister on your foot, which can lead to cuts and sores. Diabetes also can lower the amount of blood flow in your feet. Numbness and less blood flow in the feet can lead to foot problems.

Foot care is very important for all people with diabetes, but even more so if you have:

• pain or loss of feeling in your feet (numbness, tingling)
• changes in the shape of your feet or toes
• sores, cuts, or ulcers on your feet that do not heal

If you take care of your feet every day, you can lower your chances of losing a toe, foot, or leg. Managing your blood sugar can also help keep your feet healthy.

Work with your health care team to make a diabetes plan that fits your lifestyle and includes foot care. The team may include your doctor, a diabetes educator, a nurse, a foot doctor (podiatrist) and other specialists who can help you manage your diabetes.

Tips on foot care

• Wash them thoroughly in warm soapy water
• Rinse them well to remove soap and dirt.
• Dry them well, especially between the toes. Dampness between the toes causes athlete’s foot, a fungal infection. Talcum powder can be applied between the toes to avoid athlete’s foot. A disinfectant in the washing water and application of Gentian Violet solution (GV) can also be used against athlete’s foot.
• Cut your toenails regularly because long toe-nails habour dirt. They also damage socks and stockings.
• Ensure that shoes are well-fitting. Ill-fitting shoes press the feet and distort their shape. They also cause the growth of corns. Corns form where tight shoes push against the skin. Tight shoes also cause bunions. Bunions are painful and ugly swellings that form on toe joints, especially on the big toe.
• If socks are worn, they should be absorbent to keep the feet dry and healthy.
• Shoes should have moderately and comfortable heels.
• Air the feet regularly
• If your skin is dry, apply moisturising cream all over the foot, except for between the toes. Gently remove hard skin and calluses with a pumice stone or foot file - don't overdo it though or skin will grow back harder than ever.Occasionally, use a pumice stone to remove dead skin and stubborn stains from the sole. 
• Change socks and stockings daily to keep unpleasant odor.  
• Shop for shoes in the afternoon. Your feet swell as the day goes on and if shoes fit in the afternoon when your feet are at their largest, you can be assured they will always be comfortable.
• You can't wear flip-flops all the time. They don't provide support for your feet and can give you arch and heel pain if you wear them too much.

Help with foot care - Live Well - NHS Choices

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3 Miracle foods for PMS

ubykotex.com

PREMENSTRUAL syndrome is a condition experienced by women before their menstrual period. From bloating, cramping, mood swings, and partial insanity. All you need is making a few lifestyle changes.

With a few easy diet hacks, that time of the month could be your best (and prettiest!) ever. Here, experts reveal the miracle foods that are scientifically proven to reduce the symptoms of PMS.

Fill up on fruits and veggies

Water retention is usually exacerbated by dehydration, since your body then tries to hold on to what little water content it has. The best way to combat this, in addition to chugging as much H2O as possible, is to fill up on fruits and veggies with a high water and fiber content. Nutritionist Dana James, MS, CNS, CDN recommends cucumbers, "they're loaded with potassium and this acts as a natural diuretic to decrease bloating and swelling," she says. She also recommends citrus fruits like grapefruit and lemon. Keri Glassman, MS, RD, CDN also touts dandelion greens, which also act as a natural diuretic. Finally, keep salt intake to a minimum.

Apples

Potassium plays an important roe in keeping mood swings in check. This important mineral also reduces water retention decreasing bloating. Lack of adequate potassium causes muscle cramping which you need to avoid. 🍎apples are a good source of potassium.

Dark Leafy leaves

Studies have shown that magnesium can help reduce bloating. The darker green the vegetable the more magnesium it has. Dark green leafy veggies are a good source of vitamin A, which may help maintain a good complexion, and adequate hydration is critical for good skin any time of month, "says Rebecca Blake, MS, RD, CDN, and clinical director of nutrition at Mount Sinai in NYC. James suggests focusing on orange fruits in particular like papaya, apricot, and peaches." The yellow pigments in these summer fruits help to increase skin cell turnover to decrease breakouts caused by excess oiliness from hormonal changes" she says. Sprinkle that fruit with some cinnamon, which is a natural anti-inflammatory and can help stabilize blood sugar levels that might trigger breakouts. She also recommends artichokes, which can help keep your digestive flora in check. "A healthy microbiome means radiant, clean skin! best known as a notorious aphrodisiac, but Glassman notes that oysters can also put our skin in a good mood." The high zinc content decreases oxidative damage and may keep your skin clear of irritants," she says.

Brown 🍚 Rice

Brown rice is an incredible source of Vitamin B, which also helps to reduce sugar cravings.

Nuts, spinach, and eggs

"Nuts, spinach, and eggs are high in non-heme iron, which is found in anything other than animal meat, and can keep hormones at bay," says Glassman. Nuts are also rich in fatty acids, which Blake notes can also help improve mood. "Fatty acids can also help mitigate the irritability by flattening peaks and dips in blood sugar levels," she adds.

James recommends spaghetti squash and blue potatoes. "Spaghetti squash mildly stimulates insulin which helps to transport tryptophan into the brain so that it can be converted to serotonin to boost the mood," she says." Potatoes help to activate serotonin in the brain, and the anthocyanins—aka the blue pigment— help protect the neurons from damage so that the brain can listen better to serotonin, making you feel less irritable.

Omega-3 rich fatty acids foods

Filling up on omega-3 fatty acids can also help reduce puffiness and inflammation, in addition to giving your mood a boost. Again, salmon and nuts are great sources, and avocado toast is also a tasty option if you're also looking for a carb fix. "Avocado is rich in vitamin E, which has been shown to reduce breast tenderness by decreasing the prostaglandins that exacerbate swelling," says James. Pumpkin seeds also have a similar effect. "They're abundant in both zinc and magnesium as well as anti-inflammatory omega-6s, which all help to regulate hormone levels that trigger breast tenderness," she adds.

Finally, edamame is a great way to get your fill of unprocessed soy, which has been shown to help specifically with breast tenderness in premenstrual women.

Is It PMS or PMDD? How to Tell When You Need Help with Your Premenstrual Blues | U by Kotex

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DEVITALIZED FOODS CAUSE DISEASE

Many people suffer almost continually from ailments, the cause which they are unable to determine. They know that they feel very miserable and are subject to frequent headaches, indigestion, poor appetite, and many other troubles.

There are causes for all such disturbances. Deficiency of the necessary element s in the body is the cause of many such troubles. The body is composed of more than 30 elements and a shortage of one or more of these impair the proper functioning of the entire system. There is generally no real organic breakdown in such cases, but the body is not functioning properly. An adequate supply of any of these important elements is the major cause of a great many ailments. These nutrients supplied in properly prepared food, but the American diet is very deficient in many of these important elements.

The refined, de-germinated, de-mineralized, and devitalized foods are a curse to humanity. The miller, in making white flour, takes out the vital part of the grain that makes a new plant, the wheat germ, and also removes the bran, the part that contains the minerals and vitamins that supply our bodies with blood-making materials. Many other foods that we have eaten daily from childhood have been treated in the same manner.

Furthermore, foods that are improperly prepared lose much of their nutritive value. It is very essential that foods be eaten in their natural state as often as possible. Too much cooking injures food. Certain food elements are destroyed by even a small amount of heat and for that reason such foods as can be eaten raw should be served always. Green leafy vegetables, such as cabbage, spinach, romaine, lettuce, endive, celery, and many others contain those substances that the human body must have to function properly. A lack of such elements in the daily food is a form of starvation.

Such vegetables as carrots, tender beets, parsnips, cucumbers, potatoes, young turnips, and others like them should not be peeled. Using stiff brush is an excellent way to clean such vegetables so that the peels can be eaten. The highest mineral content of such foods lies just under the skin; therefore, vital minerals are lost if these vegetables are peeled.

None of the water left over from cooking vegetables should be thrown away. It contains valuable minerals and vitamins and should be used in soups or other cooking. In cooking leafy vegetables, just enough water should be added to keep them from burning and they should be added to keep them from burning and they should not be cooked any longer than is absolutely necessary. Spinach or beet tops should never be cooked over 4 or 5 minutes. If beets are cooked with tops, it takes much longer to cook the beets than the tops, so the beets should be diced fine and cooked in only enough water to keep them from burning. Use the stems, but cut them in quarter-inch lengths and add them to the beets after they are about half-done (about 8 minutes). Cut the leaves fine and when the beets are about done, add the leaves, for it takes only about 4 minutes to cook them. Sea salt should be added after the stems have come to a boil. It takes about 10 to 15 minutes to cook beets in this manner.

Never put soda in your cooking water to make the vegetables tender. Neither should soda be used in cooking dried peas, beans, corn, etc. even if it does shorten the length of time necessary to cook them. The common use of soda biscuits and cornbread made with baking powder and soda is a cause of vitamin deficiency disease, because soda destroys much of the vitamin C during cooking. Remember disease cannot get a foothold when the body is in the best condition.

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OBESITY: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT

SOURCE: informationng.com

The term 'obese' describes a person who's very overweight, with a lot of body fat. Obesity means having too much body fat. It is different from being overweight, which means weighing too much. The weight may come from muscle, bone, fat, and or body water. Both terms mean that a person's weight is greater than what's considered healthy for his or her height.

Obesity occurs over time when you eat more calories than you use. The balance between calories-in and calories-out differs for each person. Factors that might affect your weight include your genetic makeup, overeating, eating high-fat foods, and not being physically active.

Being obese increases your risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers. If you are obese, losing even 5 to 10 percent of your weight can delay or prevent some of these diseases. For example, that means losing 10 to 20 pounds if you weigh 200 pounds.

There are many ways in which a person's health in relation to their weight can be classified, but the most widely used method is body mass index (BMI).

BMI is a measure of whether you're a healthy weight for your height. You can use the BMI healthy weight calculator to work out your score.

For most adults, a BMI of:
18.5 to 24.9 means you're a healthy weight
25 to 29.9 means you're overweight
30 to 39.9 means you're obese
40 or above means you're severely obese

BMI isn't used to definitively diagnose obesity, because people who are very muscular sometimes have a high BMI without excess fat. But for most people, BMI is a useful indication of whether they're a healthy weight, overweight or obese.

A better measure of excess fat is waist circumference, which can be used as an additional measure in people who are overweight (with a BMI of 25 to 29.9) or moderately obese (with a BMI of 30 to 34.9).

Generally, men with a waist circumference of 94cm (37in) or more and women with a waist circumference of 80cm (about 31.5in) or more are more likely to develop obesity-related health problems.

Risks of obesity

It's very important to take steps to tackle obesity because, as well as causing obvious physical changes, it can lead to a number of serious and potentially life-threatening conditions, such as:
type 2 diabetes
coronary heart disease
some types of cancer, such as breast cancer and bowel cancer
stroke


Obesity can also affect your quality of life and lead to psychological problems, such as depression and low self-esteem (see below for more information about the health problems associated with obesity).

Causes

Obesity can be overcome to a great extent by proper living and eating. It is made worse by wrong habits of eating, excessive starch, fatty foods, and sugar in the diet; also a lack of exercise. The basic reason for most cases of obesity is simply taking into the body more calories than are used in daily living. A small number of cases are due to a disturbance in the functions of the thyroid or pituitary glands.

Symptoms

Excessive fat, shortness of breath, palpitation of the heart upon slight exertion.

Treatment

Reduce the calories in the diet, and eat only nourishment and nonfattening foods. Start exercising moderately, slowly increasing in vigor, and always in the open air if possible. In order to lose weight you must use up more calories than you take in. Oxygen burns up fat and waste matter in the system; therefore, deep breathing and exercise are essential. Chickweed is especially helpful to those suffering from obesity, as it thoroughly cleanses the system and will reduce fat. Steep a heaping teaspoon of a cup of boiling water. Drink at least four cups a day, one an hour before each meal and one on retiring. If there are other troubles, clear them up with the herbs indicated. Seawrack, burdock, and nettle can also be used with good results.

Great care must be exercised when using commercially prepared weight reduction formulas that are being widely promoted at the present time. Several deaths have been caused by using these preparations.

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